Determination of Organic Chloride Content in Crude Oil

Organic chlorides in crude oil are known to cause severe corrosion in crude tower overhead systems. As a result, total organic chloride's refinery specifications are to accept no more than 1 mg/kg in the crude oil sample. Accurate determination of total organic chlorides is crucial to the producer involved in custody transfer to ensure their product's midstream acceptance.

有机氯化物是含有碳 - 氯键的化合物，其广泛用于油田中作为蜡溶解器。它们通常不存在于原油中，通常是添加剂，清洁溶液或用于采油的化学品的结果。

The presence of even a minimal amount of chlorides (a few ppm) can be catastrophic during crude oil fractionation in the refineries. In this process, organic chlorides become hydrochloric acid, which is highly corrosive and can cause considerable damage to distillation overhead systems.

For this reason, it is essential for producers of crude oil to have a good knowledge of the organic chlorides present in their products, particularly when transfer of custody is involved. They must meet refinery specification at no more than 1 mg/kg in the crude oil product they are producing or transferring.

Organic chloride analysis

Organic chloride content in crude oil can be detected through specialized laboratory analysis. Care and attention are essential while sampling and testing; chloride compounds are present everywhere and can easily be introduced into a sample by improper sampling procedures, contaminated sampling canisters, or even improper storage.

在将蒸馏到204℃（400°F）的粗溶液的石脑油部分完成有机氯化物的测试。ASTM D4929是由行业标准进行的优选测试方法，用于测定原油中有机氯化物。

The challenge with the distillation of crude oil test specimens is to recover enough naphtha fraction, particularly when testing heavy crude. Enough sample must be recovered to allow for proper washing to remove trace inorganic contaminants, such as H2S and salts, while not introducing any potential sources of bias.

Distillation must be carefully performed to avoid conditions that would favor decomposition (cracking) and salt hydrolysis, which, when combined, have the potential for organic chloride formation. Rapid distillation with high heat temperatures can create these undesirable conditions and must be avoided to prevent a high bias in the test results.

The Element advantage

Element’s Energy Fluids laboratory uses ASTM D4929 method to test organic chloride content in crude oil. The ISO 17025 accredited lab has a proven track record for preventing false positives of our organic chlorides test results, and takes part in ‘organic chloride content in crude oil proficiency testing’ twice a year, which allows for full confidence in the accuracy of our results.

Our team of experts have perfected procedures to maximize difficult naptha recoveries from heavy crudes while preventing contamination. Our services help upstream producers of crude oil, midstream blenders and pipelines to ensure that their product is free of corrosive halogens, which is essential prior to delivery at the refinery.

For more information on organic chloride analysis in crude oil, or to speak with one of our expertscontact ustoday.